- 26 letters in the English Alphabet;
- 44 different sounds;
- Phonetics (way of recording the sounds that humans can make - languages), Phonemics (particular sounds to a language), and Phonology (super segmental features like word and sentence stress, intonation etc.)
- Phonetic chart arranged according to vowel sounds (monophthongs and diphthongs) and consonant sounds (voiced and unvoiced).
- Allophone: different ways in which the same sound can be pronounced.
- /ɰ/ and /j / are semi-vowels.
- Articulators used to produce sounds: upper teeth, alveolar ridge, lower lip, lower teeth, nasal tract, oral tract, tongue, hard palate, soft palate, uvula, pharynx wall, and larynx.
- Clear and dark sounds: full ( the sound /l/ has the resonance of a back vowel - dark sound) - like ( the sound /l/ has the resonance of a front vowel - clear sound)
- Glottal Stop: the pause before a syllable. It is transcribed as /ʡ/.
Link to the IPA (International Phonetic Alphabet) keyboard:
http://weston.ruter.net/projects/ipa-chart/view/keyboard/
English Phonetic Chart:
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